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What, if Anything, is Fundamental about Physics

Session Information

Physics is often said to be fundamental with respect to the rest of science but it is not clear what this means. Certainly, the theories of the rest of science cannot be derived from physical theory. Twentieth century philosophy of science demonstrated the untenability of various forms of reductionism. However, the view that all sciences are on a par and that physics is just one among a number of special science overlooks respects in which physics is different from all other sciences. The aim of this symposium is to analyze through a twenty-first century lens what special status, if any, physics may have with respect to other branches of science and modes of inquiry. This is important if the large sums of money and resources some of the most important work in fundamental physics requires is justified. We look at what may be said to defend the special status of physics from the perspective of the physicist, philosopher of science, and metaphysician.

02 Nov 2018 03:45 PM - 05:45 PM(America/Los_Angeles)
Venue : Diamond (First Floor)
20181102T1545 20181102T1745 America/Los_Angeles What, if Anything, is Fundamental about Physics

Physics is often said to be fundamental with respect to the rest of science but it is not clear what this means. Certainly, the theories of the rest of science cannot be derived from physical theory. Twentieth century philosophy of science demonstrated the untenability of various forms of reductionism. However, the view that all sciences are on a par and that physics is just one among a number of special science overlooks respects in which physics is different from all other sciences. The aim of this symposium is to analyze through a twenty-first century lens what special status, if any, physics may have with respect to other branches of science and modes of inquiry. This is important if the large sums of money and resources some of the most important work in fundamental physics requires is justified. We look at what may be said to defend the special status of physics from the perspective of the physicist, philosopher of science, and metaphysician.

Diamond (First Floor) PSA2018: The 26th Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association office@philsci.org

Presentations

What It Means to Be Fundamental

Philosophy of Science 03:45 PM - 04:15 PM (America/Los_Angeles) 2018/11/02 22:45:00 UTC - 2018/11/02 23:15:00 UTC
Sean Carroll (California Institute of Technology)
We often think of fundamental theories in terms of spatial scales: the smaller the elements of a theory's ontology, the more fundamental it must be. I will argue that it's better to think in terms of comprehensiveness: the more fundamental a theory is, the wider is its domain of applicability in accurately modeling the world. From this perspective, the fact that theories are hierarchical is not a necessary feature - two theories could, in principle, be applicable in overlapping domains without one being a subset of another - and the fact that theories often are is an interesting feature of the real world. I will briefly discuss why properties of quantum gravity implies that quantum field theory is probably not fundamental, and how quantum mechanics more generally could nevertheless be
Presenters Sean Carroll
California Institute Of Technology

What is Fundamental Physics?

Philosophy of Science 04:15 PM - 04:45 PM (America/Los_Angeles) 2018/11/02 23:15:00 UTC - 2018/11/02 23:45:00 UTC
James Ladyman (University of Bristol)
Not all of physics is fundamental physics. Optics, condensed matter physics and geophysics are all special sciences. Fundamental physics is often associated with the physics of smallest parts of matter and hence with high energies since they are required to break matter apart. However, high energies are also associated with general relativity and cosmology both of which are concerned with the very large. Thermodynamics seems to be universal so should it too be regarded as fundamental? This paper argues that while metaphysicians often think of fundamentality as a property, as in the fundamental level, in physics it is often a relation, as in theory X is more fundamental than theory Y. It also argues that fundamental often pertains to universality, and that this is the right way to understand fundamentality in physics, though it is related to the idea of the smallest components of matter
Presenters
JL
James Ladyman
University Of Bristol

Fundamental, Yet Imprecise?

Philosophy of Science 04:45 PM - 05:15 PM (America/Los_Angeles) 2018/11/02 23:45:00 UTC - 2018/11/03 00:15:00 UTC
Michael Miller (University of Toronto)
Many physical theories characterize their observables with unlimited precision. Non-fundamental theories do so needlessly: they are more precise than they need to be to capture the matter of fact about their observables. A natural expectation is that a truly fundamental theory would require unlimited precision in order to exhaustively capture all of the physical matters of fact. In this talk I will argue against this expectation and I will advocate that there could be a fundamental theory with limited precision. I will make my case for this claim by considering a collection of results from perturbative quantum field theory.
Presenters
MM
Michael Miller
University Of Toronto

Funding and Fundamental physics

Philosophy of Science 05:15 PM - 05:45 PM (America/Los_Angeles) 2018/11/03 00:15:00 UTC - 2018/11/03 00:45:00 UTC
Alyssa Ney (University of California, Davis)
What justifies the allocation of funding to research in physics when many would argue research in the life and social sciences may have more immediate impact in transforming our world for the better? Many of the justifications for such spending depend on the claim that physics enjoys a kind of special status vis-a-vis the other sciences, that physics or at least some branches of physics exhibit a form of fundamentality. The goal of this paper is to articulate a conception of fundamentality that can support such justifications.
Presenters Co-Authors
AN
Alyssa Ney
University Of California, Davis
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Session speakers, moderators & attendees
University of California, Davis
University of Bristol
University of Toronto
California Institute of Technology
Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Cohn Institute, Tel Aviv University
Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
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